Capsule For Beverages

ABSTRACT

A capsule for beverages includes a casing in turn including a base wall and a side wall defining a cavity suitable for containing an initial product to be combined with a fluid to obtain an end product and also an edge extending from the side wall. The capsule further includes a cover element fixed to the edge to close the cavity hermetically, which is perforable by an extracting means of a dispensing machine in which said capsule is usable. The casing is made by forming a sheet of thermoformable plastic material and the edge includes a sealing element including at least one protrusion facing the base wall which is also obtainable by forming the sheet material that defines at least one further cavity which opens upwards in a direction opposite said base wall and has a bottom with a thickness comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm. The cover element has dimensions so as to cover only partially the edge.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a national phase of PCT International Application No. PCT/IB2015/051430 filed Feb. 26, 2015. PCT/IB2015/051430 claims priority to IT Application No. MO2014A000046 filed Feb. 28, 2014 and to IT Application No. MO2014A000047 filed Feb. 28, 2014. The entire contents of these applications are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to capsules or containers for preparing products, for example beverages, in automatic dispensing machines. In particular, the invention relates to a sealed, single-dose and disposable capsule containing an initial product that is able to make an end product by interacting with pressurised fluid

BACKGROUND

Capsules known for use in dispensing machines are disposable and single-dose containers comprising an external casing, made of plastic material impermeable to liquids and gases and having a beaker or cup shape. The casing has a bottom wall and a side wall defining an upper opening through which the product from which to obtain the beverage can be inserted. The upper opening is closed hermetically by a cover element, typically an aluminium film or a plastic film so as to seal the product inside the container. The cover element is generally fixed to a peripheral and annular flange-shaped edge of the casing, that is opposite the bottom wall and arranged around the upper opening.

The capsule is perforable to enable pressurised liquid to be delivered, typically water, and to enable the beverage obtained to exit. In particular, the cover and the bottom wall of the casing are perforable by a suitable arrangement of a dispensing machine to enable respectively the pressurised liquid to be delivered from above and the beverage to be extracted from below.

As illustrated schematically in FIG. 1, a dispensing machine 500 of known type comprises a housing 501 arranged for receiving and enclosing a capsule 550. A bottom portion of the housing 501 is provided with a perforating arrangement 502 for perforating a bottom wall 551 of the capsule 550 and injecting the pressurised fluid or extracting the beverage therefrom. To prevent, in use, the fluid or beverage exiting the housing 501 because of the high operating pressure, a sealing arrangement 503 have to be interposed between the capsule 550 and the housing 501.

The sealing arrangement 503 generally comprises an annular washer, made of elastomeric material, interposed between a flange edge 552 of the capsule 550 and an abutting portion 505 of the housing 501. When the capsule 550 is closed in the housing 501, the sealing arrangement 503 is compressed by a perforating element 504, thus ensuring the hydraulic seal.

A drawback of this solution consists of the fact that the washer, in addition to being subject to wear and deterioration with use, comes into contact with the product and/or the fluid at each dispensing without being able to be properly washed subsequently. From a hygiene point of view this solution is not therefore optimum.

To overcome this drawback, capsules are known that integrate a sealing element in yieldable, typically elastomeric, material that is crushed when the capsule is inserted into the dispensing machine and ensures the seal thereof. Such capsules can also be used in dispensing machines devoid of a sealing arrangement.

Patent EP 1654966 illustrates a capsule for beverages comprising an elastic sealing element fixed to a circumferal edge of the capsule made of elastomeric material, in particular silicone rubber, which is different from the material used for forming the capsule. The elastic element can be fixed to the casing of the capsule at a peripheral edge or at a bottom wall of said casing.

A capsule of this type is nevertheless very costly because it requires the sealing element in silicone rubber to be made and connected to the casing of the capsule, the capsule being nevertheless difficult to fix by thermowelding.

Capsules are also known from example from patent EP2303077 or from application EP2389326 which comprise a sealing element made of the same material as the casing of the capsule. The sealing element is in this case made of a plurality of concentric circumferal ridges present in the edge of the capsule, which nevertheless require very precise manufacturing by injection moulding to ensure an optimum seal when the capsule is inserted into the dispensing machine.

If this precision is not achieved, undesired leaks may occur when pressurised fluid is injected into the capsule and/or fill the housing into which the capsule is inserted.

SUMMARY

An object of the present invention is to improve known capsules for beverages, in particular capsules that are usable in known dispensing machines provided with a housing suitable for containing and enclosing in a sealed manner a capsule.

Another object is to make a capsule that is usable in known dispensing machines that guarantees the seal during dispensing without the need for a specific sealing arrangement of the housing.

A further aim is to obtain a capsule that is cheap and simple to make.

According to the invention a capsule is provided for beverages according to the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention can be better understood and implemented with reference to the attached drawings that illustrate certain embodiments by way of non-limiting example, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section of a known capsule for beverages associated with a dispensing machine which is also of known type;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross section of a capsule according to the invention associated with a dispensing machine, which is illustrated schematically;

FIG. 3 is a partial front view, with certain illustrated parts sectioned for clarity, of a capsule according to the invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic partial cross section of an edge of the capsule of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic partial cross section of an edge of an alternative embodiment of the capsule of FIG. 3;

FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 are schematic cross sections like that of FIG. 5, of further embodiments of the capsule of FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

With reference to FIG. 2, there is illustrated a capsule 1 for beverages according to the invention, which is usable in a dispensing machine 60, disclosed below, for producing an end product, in particular a hot beverage, for example coffee, barley, herbal tea, tea, chocolate, etc by injecting a hot pressurised fluid F thereinto.

The capsule 1 of the invention comprises an external casing or container 2, in turn comprising a base wall 3 and a side wall 4 defining a cavity 5 that is open and suitable for containing an initial product P, for example a soluble or percolable food product to be combined with a fluid, typically water, to obtain an end product. The base wall 3 and the side wall 4 define a body of the capsule 1 that has substantially a beaker or cup shape.

The casing further comprises a flange-shaped edge 7 connected to the side wall 4 and extending therefrom, arranged around an opening 29 of the cavity 5 (FIG. 4). The edge 7 is moreover opposite the base wall 3 and faces outwards with respect to the cavity 5.

The casing 2 is made by forming a sheet of thermoformable plastic material that is suitable for the process of preparing the end product from the initial product P, which is, for example, able to withstand without deformation temperatures up to 100° C. and pressure up to 5 bar.

This sheet of plastic material can have a thickness comprised between 15 micron and 1400 micron, in particular between 350 micron and 1200 micron and is made of a polyolefin, for example polypropylene PP and/or polyethylene PE and/or polyamide PA.

In detail, the sheet material can comprise a first layer of material, in particular suitable for contacting and/or preserving the initial product P, for example made of polypropylene PP that is impermeable to humidity, a second layer of material that is not in contact with the initial product P made of material that is impermeable to gases, in particular to oxygen and optionally also to humidity, which is also known as a barrier layer, and a third layer of outer material.

The barrier layer, interposed between the first and the second layer, ensures complete insulation of the outer environment of the cavity 5, in particular if the first layer is permeable over time to oxygen. The barrier layer has a thickness comprised between 2 micron and 100 micron, in particular between 15 micron and 70 micron, and is made for example of ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), which is gas-impermeable only to oxygen or polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), which is gas-impermeable to both oxygen and to humidity.

According to a first embodiment (which is not shown) of the sheet material, the first and the third layer are made of the same material, for example polypropylene PP and are coupled with the barrier layer interposed therebetween. Such layers may have the same thickness (for example 350 micron), or different layers (for example the first layer may have a thickness of 500 micron whereas the third layer may have a thickness of 300 micron).

According to a second alternative embodiment (which is not shown), the first layer is a support layer and is made of polypropylene PP, the second layer is the barrier layer (EVOH or PVDC) and third layer is an extruded layer of polypropylene PP or polyethylene PE, that is 15 micron thick, that is coupled with the first and the second layer during the process of producing the sheet material.

The sheet material, both according to the first and to the second embodiment, is thus selected so as to protect over time the initial product P contained in the capsule from humidity and from oxygen.

The capsule comprises, further, a cover element 8 fixed to the edge 7 of the casing 2 to close hermetically the capsule 1, i.e. the open cavity 5 and thus preserve the product P. The cover element 8 comprises an aluminium film or a plastic film provided with a barrier layer that is perforable by an extracting arrangement of the end product of the dispensing machine 60.

The cover element 8 is fixed to the edge 7 of the casing 2 by means of thermowelding, or ultrasound welding or gluing. The cover element 8 is fixed to the casing by thermowelding, as will be seen below.

The base wall 3 of the capsule further has a hole that is for example circular bounded by a further annular edge 3 a extending as far as the side wall 4 of the capsule. A further cover element 25, that is similar to the cover element 8 and is perforable by a cutting arrangement and/or an injection arrangement for cutting and/or injecting the fluid F of the dispensing machine 60, is fixed to the further edge 3 a outside the base wall 3, to close the hole thereof, in a similar manner to what has already been said for the cover element 8.

The cover element 8 and the further cover element 25 can be made of aluminium with a thickness comprised between 10 and 50 micron and a basic weight of <200 gr/m².

The edge 7 of the capsule comprises a sealing element 9 that comprises at least one protrusion 10, which is also obtainable by thermoforming that faces the base wall 3 and defines at least one further cavity 11 that is open in an opposite direction to the base wall 3. The protrusion 10 and the further cavity 11 of the sealing element 9 give the edge 7 of the capsule 1 elasticity and deformability that enable a seal to be made between the capsule 1 and the dispensing machine 60 when the capsule 1 is introduced into the dispensing machine 60, as will be disclosed below.

In addition to the protrusion 10, the edge 7 also has a flat annular end 6.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the dispensing machine 60, of known type and not disclosed in detail, comprises a seat or space 61 suitable for containing and receiving the capsule 1 and a locking arrangement 62 arranged for locking the capsule 1 firmly inside the aforesaid space 61 in an operating configuration.

The dispensing machine 60 further comprises a cutting arrangement 65 located on the bottom 66 of the space 61 and arranged for piercing the base wall 3 of the capsule, in particular the further cover element 25. An arrangement for injecting the fluid F (not shown) is suitable for supplying the pressurised fluid F to the seat 61 of the dispensing machine 60. This fluid F is in turn injected inside the cavity 5 of the capsule through the openings made on the base 3 of the capsule by the cutting arrangement 65.

An extracting arrangement (not shown) is provided for drilling the cover element 8 so as to enable the end product to exit the capsule 1.

In one condition of use, the flange edge 7 of the capsule 1 is tightened and compressed between the locking arrangement 62 and a portion 63 of a supporting frame 67 of the dispensing machine 60 in which the space 61 is obtained.

The locking arrangement 62 comprises, for example, an annular plate that acts on the edge 7 of the casing 2.

An abutting arrangement 64 is provided on the supporting portion 63 of the frame 67 and comprises one or more annular ridges that abut on the sealing element 9 of the capsule 1. As the sealing element 9 is elastically deformable, owing to the contact pressure generated by the locking arrangement 62 in the operating configuration, the sealing element 9 deforms locally and substantially takes on the shape of the annular ridges of the abutting arrangement 64.

In this manner, the sealing element 9 is able to engage in a sealing manner, when pressed, with the abutting arrangement 64 of the dispensing machine 60.

This deformation ensures an optimum seal of the edge 7 with the supporting portion 63 of the frame 67, which prevents the exit from the latter of fluid F or of pressurised end product during a dispensing operating step.

The protrusion 10 that is obtainable by thermoforming is arranged in a first circumferal annular zone 12 (FIG. 4) of the edge 7. The protrusion 10 is also shaped as a beaker or cup and comprises a respective base wall 13, parallel to the base wall 3 of the capsule 1, a first side wall 14 and a second side wall 26 defining the further open cavity 11.

The first annular zone 12 is determined by the overall dimensions of the protrusion 10 in the edge 7 in a direction that is radial with respect to a longitudinal axis A of the capsule 1, that can coincide with the axis of symmetry of the capsule, and thus as the maximum radial extent of the opening of the further cavity 11.

The sealing element 9 can comprise a single continuous annular protrusion 10 arranged in the first annular zone 12 and in this case the further cavity 11 is annular, circumferal and continuous and is arranged externally to the cavity 5 in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis A.

According to an alternative embodiment which is not shown, the sealing element 9 comprises a plurality of protrusions 10 arranged in separate portions of the first annular zone 12, that define a plurality of further cavities 11 that are separate and arranged circumferally in the first annular zone 12.

According to a different alternative embodiment (which is not shown), the plurality of protrusions 10 are arranged alternatively in separate portions of the first annular zone 12 and of a second circumferal annular zone (which is not shown) of the edge 7, arranged externally to the first annular zone 12 in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis A.

The radial extent, i.e. measured in a radial direction, of the first annular zone 12 is selected in such a manner as to enable the capsule 1 to adapt to dispensing machines of different models, abutting on the abutting arrangement 64 of the dispensing machine 60 however they are arranged radially in the dispensing machine 60. It should be observed that if optionally both the first annular zone 12 and the second annular zone are present because the protrusions 10 are arranged in distinct concentric annular zones, the measures of radial extent that will be subsequently supplied are to be deemed not to lose scope for a radial extent that includes the first annular zone 12 and the second annular zone.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first annular zone 12 has a radial extent comprised in an interval from 1.0 mm to 4.0 mm, in particular in an interval comprised between 1.50 mm and 2.50 mm, in particular equal to 1.65 mm.

Between the first annular zone 12 and the side wall 4 of the capsule 1 an edge portion 15 is interposed having a length that is less than 4.00 mm, in particular 0.75 mm.

It should be noted that in the capsule 1 shown in FIG. 4 the length of the edge portion 15 is not nil because a substantially annular gap 16 is present that is interposed between the side wall 4 of the capsule and the second side wall 26 of the protrusion 10 that spaces the protrusion 10 from the side wall 4 of the capsule 1.

The cover element 8 is joined to the edge 7 of the capsule 1, in particular by thermowelding along a first annular joining portion 21 that extends along the edge portion 15. The cover element 8 does not extend above the further cavity 11, which is thus open. This fixing mode of the cover element 8 is particularly preferred when the sealing element 9 comprises a plurality of protrusions 10 arranged in separate portions of the first annular zone 12, or a plurality of protrusions 10 arranged alternatively in separate portions of the first annular zone 12 and of a second circumferal annular zone of the edge 7, arranged externally to the first annular zone 12 in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis A.

According to an alternative embodiment of the capsule shown in FIG. 5, the annular gap 16 is absent and the distance between the protrusion 10 and side wall 4 of the capsule 1 is substantially nil because the side wall 4 of the capsule and the second side wall 26 of the protrusion 10 have a common origin and define together an acute angle of top 17.

The cover element 8 is joined to edge 7 of the capsule 1, in particular by thermowelding, along a single annular joining portion 27 that extends along the entire edge 7, extending thus also inside the cavity 11, which remains open.

According to a further alternative embodiment of the capsule, shown in FIG. 6, the cover element 8 is joined to edge 7 of the capsule 1, in particular by thermowelding, at least along a first annular joining portion 21, that is internal in a direction that is radial with respect to the first annular zone 12, a second annular joining portion 22, that is external in a direction that is radial with respect to the first annular zone 12 on the flat annular end 6 of the edge 7, and a third annular joining portion 24 on the bottom of the cavity 11, respectively.

The first joining portion 21 has a radial extent comprised between 0.10 mm and 3.00 mm, for example equal to 0.45 mm.

The second joining portion 22 has a radial extent of at least 0.3 mm and extends substantially along the entire flat annular end 6. Also in this embodiment, the cover element 8 extends inside the cavity 11, which remains open.

The third annular joining portion 24 has a radial extent of at least 0.1 mm.

According to another alternative embodiment of the capsule, shown in FIG. 7, the cover element 8 is joined to edge 7 of the capsule 1, in particular by thermowelding, at least along a first annular joining portion 21 that is internal in a direction that is radial with respect to the first annular zone 12 and a third annular joining portion 24 on the bottom of the cavity 11, respectively.

The first joining portion 21 has a radial extent of at least 0.1 mm.

The third annular joining portion 24 has a radial extent of at least 0.1 mm.

In this embodiment, the cover element 8 extends only partially inside the cavity 11, in the zone comprised between the side wall 4 of the capsule and the bottom of the cavity 11, without extending on the flat annular end 6. Also in this embodiment the cavity 11 remains open.

According to a still further alternative embodiment of the capsule, shown in FIG. 8, the cover element 8 is joined to edge 7 of the capsule 1, in particular by thermowelding, at least along a second annular joining portion 22 that is external in a direction that is radial with respect to the first annular zone 12. The second annular joining portion 22 has a radial extent of at least 0.1 mm and extends substantially along the entire flat annular end 6. Also in this embodiment, the cover element 8 extends inside the cavity 11, which remains open.

According to a further alternative embodiment of the capsule, shown in FIG. 9, the cover element 8 is joined to edge 7 of the capsule 1, in particular by thermowelding, along a further single annular joining portion 28 that extends along the edge 7 as far as the start of the flat annular end 6, thus also inside the cavity 11, which remains open, without however extending above the flat annular end 6.

The methods of joining the cover element 8 to the edge 7 of the capsule 1, illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 9, are also applicable to the embodiment of the capsule 1 illustrated in FIG. 4.

Also the dimensions of the flat annular end 6 contribute to making the sealing element, as will be seen below. The flat annular end 6 has a radial extent 23 of at least 0.3 mm.

Considering on the other hand a measurement along an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis A, the protrusion 10 has a longitudinal extent 18 and i.e. a height, from a surface 6 a of the flat annular end 6 facing the base wall 3 of the capsule 1 to the base wall 13 of the protrusion 10 comprised between 0.30 mm and 0.80 mm. If the base wall 13 of the protrusion 10 is parallel to the base wall 3 of the capsule 1, the longitudinal extent 18 is constant and for example equal to 0.75 mm.

Nevertheless, the protrusion 10 can have a total longitudinal extent that is greater than the longitudinal extent 18, added to the thickness of the casing 2, if thermoforming is deeper in some portions of edge 7 than the flat annular end 6 thereof, as for example in FIGS. 5 to 8, in which the top 17 of the capsule is not aligned on a surface 6 b of the flat annular end 6 of the edge 7, opposite the surface 6 a.

If a thickness of the casing 2 in the edge 7 is now considered, it has been experimentally established that the deformation of the sealing element 9 is effective if in the protrusion 10 the casing 2 has a first thickness 19, corresponding to the thickness of the bottom of the cavity 11, i.e. of the base wall 13, comprised in a range from 0.15 mm to 0.90 mm, in particular between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm. The deformation of the sealing element 9 is further facilitated if the flat annular end 6 has a second thickness 20 comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm, in particular between 0.20 mm to 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm, if the first side wall 14 and the second side wall 26 both have a thickness from 0.15 mm to 0.90 mm, in particular between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm. The first thickness 19 is suitably selected because it has to enable the sealing element 9 to flex and deform when it is compressed by the abutting arrangement 64 of the dispensing machine 60 and has to ensure the sealing element 9 sufficient mechanical resistance. Tests conducted by the inventors have in fact shown that a first thickness 19 greater than 0.90 mm makes the sealing element 9 too stiff, preventing it from deforming sufficiently to ensure that it can engage in a sealing manner on the abutting arrangement 64 of the dispensing machine 60, Further, the aforesaid tests have shown that if the first thickness 19 is less than 0.15 mm there is the risk that the sealing element 9 and the edge 7 of the capsule 1 may get damaged during welding of the cover element 8, or during conveying of the capsule 1, or during handling of the capsule 1 by a user. The inventors have also ascertained that also the thickness selected for the first side wall 14 and for the second side wall 26 can contribute, together with the first thickness 19, to sufficient flexibility and deformability of the sealing element 9, ensuring it at the same time sufficient mechanical resistance.

Also the second thickness 20, the longitudinal extent 18 of the protrusion 10, the length of the edge portion 15, in the capsule embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, are chosen to facilitate flexure and deformation of the sealing element 9.

The joining portions 21, 22, 24, 27 and 28 joining the cover element 8 to the edge 7, which are mentioned above, above all when they are obtained by thermowelding, have blocking features in the sense that they ensure that the capsule preserves the initial product P over time in ideal conditions when stored during warehousing but at the same time they ensure that the sealing element 9 is maintained unaltered even when the latter flexes and is deformed by the abutting arrangement 64 of the dispensing machine 60. In other words, the joining portions do not yield and maintain the cover element 8 whole and joined to the casing 2 even when subject to pressure, for example generated by the development of CO₂ inside the capsule 1. In fact, the fact that the first and the second annular joining portion 21 and 22 are arranged, with respect to the annular joining portion 24, on a different level with respect to the opening 29 of the cavity 5, i.e. are staggered with respect to the third annular joining portion 24 in a direction parallel to said axis A of the capsule, makes the cover element 8 resist better mechanical stresses that are due to a pressure increase inside the cavity 5 and does not detach from the edge 7 through the effect of said mechanical stress. Similarly, the fact that the annular joining portions 27 and 28 extend on different levels with respect to the opening 29 of the cavity 5, i.e. have mutually staggered portions in a direction parallel to said axis A of the capsule, makes the cover element 8 resist better mechanical stresses that are due to a pressure increase inside the cavity 5 and does not detach from the edge 7 through the effect of said mechanical stress. In other words, if the cover element 8 is joined to the edge 7 of the capsule 1 in zones of the edge 7 that are at different levels with respect to the opening 29 of the cavity 5, i.e. are mutually staggered in a direction that is parallel to said axis A of the capsule, a significant increase of resistance of the cover element 8 to said mechanical stress is obtained.

The capsule 1 of the invention thus ensures an optimum seal inside the dispensing machine, during the dispensing step without requiring the use of specific washers associated with the dispensing machine and/or with the capsule.

In this manner, optimum hygienic conditions in the dispensing procedure and moderate production costs for the capsule are ensured, as the capsule can be quickly and easily obtained by thermoforming a sheet of plastic material. Owing to the deformability of the edge 7 ensured by the protrusion 10 and by the further cavity 11 of the sealing element 9, the capsule can adapt to different embodiments of the abutting arrangement 64 of the dispensing machines 60, without the need to make different shaped edges 7 for each type of model of dispensing machine.

The capsule 1 of the invention is thus able to adapt to different models of dispensing machine 60.

It should be added that the deformability of the sealing element 9 is ensured both by the type of selected sheet material, which is per se deformable, but above all by the thickness of the casing 2 in the edge 7 of the capsule 1, which is makeable by thermoforming, as detailed previously.

In particular the thickness 19 of the thermoformed casing 2 in the protrusion 10 ensures the deformability and the flexibility of the sealing element 9. Further, it has been observed in experiments that also selecting a suitable thickness 20 for the flat annular end 6 and the radial extent 23 thereof is important inasmuch as the flat annular end 6 contributes to making an effective seal.

The flat annular end 6 of the edge 7 is in fact able, when deformed, to follow the contour of the abutting arrangement of the dispensing machine for all the radial extent 23 thereof, contributing to avoiding undesired losses of liquid. 

1-37. (canceled)
 38. A capsule for beverages comprising a casing in turn comprising: a base wall and a side wall defining a cavity suitable for containing an initial product to be combined with a fluid to obtain an end product, and moreover an edge extending from said side wall; wherein said capsule further comprises a cover element fixed to said edge to close said cavity hermetically, said cover element being perforable by an extracting arrangement of a dispensing machine wherein said capsule is usable, said casing being made by forming a sheet of thermoformable plastic material and said edge comprising a sealing element comprising at least one protrusion facing said base wall which is also obtainable by said forming and defines at least one further cavity characterised in that said further cavity is open in a direction opposite said base wall and in that a thickness of a bottom of said cavity, consisting of a base wall of said protrusion, is comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm.
 39. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said thickness is comprised between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, in particular equal to 0.25 mm.
 40. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said protrusion is arranged in a first circumferal annular zone of said edge.
 41. The capsule according to claim 40, wherein said sealing element comprises a single continuous annular protrusion arranged in said first annular zone.
 42. The capsule according to claim 40, wherein said sealing element comprises a plurality of protrusions arranged in separate portions of said first annular zone.
 43. The capsule according to claim 42, wherein the protrusions of said plurality of protrusions are arranged alternatingly in separate portions of said first annular zone and of a second circumferal annular zone of said edge, arranged externally in a radial direction with respect to said first annular zone.
 44. The capsule according to claim 40, wherein said first annular zone has a radial extent comprised in an interval from 1.00 mm to 4.00 mm, in particular in an interval comprised between 1.50 mm and 2.50 mm, in particular equal to 1.65 mm.
 45. The capsule according to claim 40, wherein said first annular zone has a distance from said side wall that is less than 4.00 mm, in particular 0.75 mm.
 46. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said protrusion has a longitudinal extent comprised between 0.30 mm and 0.80 mm, said longitudinal extent being measured along an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the capsule from a surface of a flat annular end of said edge facing said base wall of said capsule to a base wall of said protrusion; and wherein in particular said longitudinal extent is constant and equal to 0.75 mm, if said base wall of said protrusion is parallel to said base wall of said capsule.
 47. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said flat annular end has a radial extent of at least 3 mm.
 48. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said flat annular end of said edge has a further thickness comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm, in particular comprised between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm, said further thickness in combination with said thickness being such as to enable said sealing element to flex and deform when compressed by an abutting arrangement of said dispensing machine.
 49. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein a first side wall and a second side wall of said protrusion both have a thickness comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm, in particular comprised between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm.
 50. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a first annular joining portion on an edge portion of the capsule interposed between said first annular zone and said side wall.
 51. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a second annular joining portion that is external in a direction that is radial with respect to said first annular zone, on the flat annular end of the edge.
 52. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, in zones of said edge that are staggered in relation to one another in a direction that is parallel to a longitudinal axis of said capsule.
 53. The capsule according to claim 52, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a single annular joining portion that extends along the entire edge, also extending inside said cavity.
 54. The capsule according to claim 52, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a first annular joining portion that is internal in a direction that is radial with respect to said first annular zone, along a second annular joining portion that is external in a direction that is radial with respect to said annular zone, on the flat annular end of the edge and along a third annular joining portion located on the bottom of said cavity.
 55. The capsule according to claim 52, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a first annular joining portion that is internal in a direction that is radial with respect to said first annular zone and along a third annular joining portion located on the bottom of said cavity.
 56. The capsule according to claim 52, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a further single annular joining portion that extends along the edge as far as the beginning of the flat annular end, extending inside the cavity, without, however, extending above the flat annular end.
 57. The capsule according to claim 38, wherein said sheet of thermoformable plastic material comprises at least a first layer of material, in particular suitable for contacting and/or preserving said initial product and a second layer of material, made of material that is impermeable to gases, in particular to oxygen.
 58. A capsule for beverages comprising a casing in turn comprising: a base wall and a side wall defining a cavity suitable for containing an initial product to be combined with a fluid to obtain an end product, and also an edge extending from said side wall; wherein said capsule further comprises a cover element fixed to said edge to close said cavity hermetically, said cover element being perforable by an extracting arrangement of a dispensing machine in which said capsule is usable, said casing being made by forming a sheet of thermoformable plastic material and said edge comprising a sealing element comprising at least one protrusion facing said base wall which is also obtainable by said forming and defines at least one further cavity characterised in that said further cavity is open in a direction opposite said base wall, and in that said cover element has dimensions so as to cover only partially said edge and is joined to said edge in particular by thermowelding in at least one zone of said edge.
 59. The capsule according to claim 58, wherein said edge has a flat annular end.
 60. The capsule according to claim 58, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a first annular joining portion that is internal in a radial direction with respect to said first cavity and along a further annular joining portion located on the bottom of said cavity.
 61. The capsule according to claim 59, wherein said cover element is joined to said edge of said capsule, in particular by thermowelding, along a further single annular joining portion that extends along the edge as far as the beginning of said flat annular end of said edge, extending inside the cavity, but without extending above said flat annular end.
 62. The capsule according to claim 58, wherein a thickness of a bottom of said cavity, consisting of a base wall of said protrusion, is comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm.
 63. The capsule according to claim 62, wherein said thickness is comprised between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, in particular equal to 0.25 mm.
 64. The capsule according to claim 58, wherein said protrusion is arranged in a first circumferal annular zone of said edge.
 65. The capsule according to claim 64, wherein said sealing element comprises a single continuous annular protrusion arranged in said first annular zone.
 66. The capsule according to claim 64, wherein said sealing element comprises a plurality of protrusions arranged in separate portions of said first annular zone.
 67. The capsule according to claim 66, wherein the protrusions of said plurality of protrusions are arranged alternatingly in separate portions of said first annular zone and of a second circumferal annular zone of said edge, arranged externally in a radial direction with respect to said first annular zone.
 68. The capsule according to claim 64, wherein said first annular zone has a radial extent comprised in an interval from 1.00 mm to 4.00 mm, in particular in an interval comprised between 1.50 mm and 2.50 mm, in particular equal to 1.65 mm.
 69. The capsule according to claim 64, wherein said first annular zone has a distance from said side wall that is less than 4.00 mm, in particular 0.75 mm.
 70. The capsule according to claim 59, wherein said protrusion has a longitudinal extent comprised between 0.30 mm and 0.80 mm, said longitudinal extent being measured along an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the capsule from a surface of said flat annular end of said edge facing said base wall of said capsule to a base wall of said protrusion; and wherein in particular said longitudinal extent is constant and equal to 0.75 mm, if said base wall of said protrusion is parallel to said base wall of said capsule.
 71. The capsule according to claim 59, wherein said flat annular end, has a radial extent of at least 3 mm.
 72. The capsule according to claim 59, wherein said flat annular end of said edge has a further thickness comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm, in particular comprised between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm.
 73. The capsule according to claim 58, wherein a first side wall and a second side wall of said protrusion both have a thickness comprised between 0.15 mm and 0.90 mm, in particular comprised between 0.20 mm and 0.60 mm, still more in particular equal to 0.25 mm.
 74. The capsule according to claim 58, wherein said sheet of thermoformable plastic material comprises at least a first layer of material, in particular suitable for contacting and/or preserving said initial product and a second layer of material, made of material that is impermeable to gases, in particular to oxygen. 